Southern western ghats is one of the two mega endemic centres in western ghats 7 kerala form a major species rich part of southern western ghats harbouring a total of 4679 flowering plants out of which 1637 are endemics and 483 are listed as threatened and tree forms form major elements in flora of kerala. Like other biodiversity hotspots, the western ghats has a high proportion of endemic species. List of mountains in india pdf covers the important mountains in india list and their locations. Northern western ghats of india is popularly known as sahyadri. Western ghats flora and fauna public group facebook.
The flora is very much relevant because 44% of the flowering plants of india are represented in the western ghats. Forest trees of the western ghats authored by neginhal s. This book contains description of all forest trees in peninsular india and most of srilanka too. Western ghats also known as the great escarpment of india is home to wide ranges of wild animal and bird species. Another unique feature of the endemic flora of western ghats is the. This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. We provide a list of species that are likely to be threatened, yet are not listed. The western ghats are home to thousands of animal species including at least 325 globally threatened species.
The western ghats is a mega biodiversity region, with varied flora, fauna and landscapes. Yet knowing this, little efforts have been made to study one of the few remaining tropioal forest ecosystems in the world. The distribution and magnitude of the biodiversity that exists today is a product of over 3. Pdf floristic diversity in western ghats researchgate. It has rich and unique assemblage of flora and fauna mi ttermeier et al. Tourism in forest areas of western ghatsjanuary 2011. An example is the road that connects pune from the deccan plateau to mahad on the coast via the western ghats in mulshi taluka of pune district, effectively fragmenting the forests of the western ghats in this region. The region the western ghats, is a mountain range that runs along the western side of india. It runs, about 1600 km, north to south, along the western edge of the deccan plateau.
It also provides solid substrate and shade for its. This unique ecosystem has been threatened by continuously. Gadgil report and kasturirangan report related with the western ghats hence deserves much attention for upsc prelims, mains and interview. Future of endemic flora of biodiversity hotspots in india plos. Pdf flowering plants of the western ghats, india vol. This mountains and hill stations in india list is arranged state wise. State of biodiversity in maharashtra sites natural landscapes cultural landscapes species flora wild cultivar fauna wild domestic strategies pa network wl protection act bmcs biodiversity act sensitivity robustness of ecosystems and landscape elements. The kasturirangan report is a disaster for the western ghats. Patel for her immediate financial support to this pilot visit to 10 villages from northern western ghats to develop a long term plan for visiting other areas both in the northern as well as southern western ghats. It grows in permanent water bodies,small ponds and shallow areas of lakes and rivers, upto altitudes of 400m. At least 325 globally threatened species occur here. India birding tour western ghats endemics this india birding tour is for birders who would like to target the elusive endemics of the western ghats in south india. Digital herbarium of angiospermic plants of western ghats. The present book reflects the present scenario of aquatic biodiversity in india.
Western ghats is a magnificent mountain range next only to himalayas and is a biological treasure trove with a high degree of endemism 11% to 78% and scenic beauty. It is believed that the sahyadri mountains have been created during the break up. Kasturirangan committee report on western ghats pdf download. Mar 01, 2016 the region the western ghats, is a mountain range that runs along the western side of india. The book titled flora of the southern western ghats and palnis. Many are endemic species, especially in the avian, amphibian and reptilian classes. It is believed that the sahyadri mountains have been created during the break up of gondwana land millions of years ago as stated above. Anai mudi 8,841 ft2,695 m is the highest peak in the two ranges, which are joined by the nilgiri hills in the click the link for more information.
The western ghats, known in india as the sahyadri hills, are a 160,000 sq. Western ghats article about western ghats by the free. Flora of the western ghats a major mountain range in western south india. Vegetation and phytogeography of the western ghats springerlink. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. This book is a valuable field guide for identifying forest trees in the western and eastern ghats, deccan plateau and mangroves in southern india. Time is short, so please act immediately your appeal to the central government can help safeguard the western ghats. Location is to be accurately selected in map, this will help others to know where the birds are located. What are some interesting facts about the western ghats of. The western ghats, owing to its richness in biodiversity, nurtures more the 5,000 species of plants, 1,700 of which are endemic. Flowering plants of the western ghats efloraofindia.
The book includes 22 chapters contributed by eminent scientists, researchers and teachers, who all are leading authorities in the field of. Will it be a disaster for the western ghats if the kasturirangan committee. The western ghats contains numerous medicinal plants and important genetic resources such as the wild relatives of grains rice, barley, eleucine coracana. We also encourage you to check the files with your own antivirus before launching the installation. It is a unesco world heritage site and is one of the eight. There are at least 16 species of birds endemic to the western ghats including the endangered nilgiri laughingthrush, the vulnerable nilgiri woodpigeon. Western ghats through goa is blessed with such a rich flora.
Chec list endemic flowering plants of northern western ghats. The rainforest of india runs parallel to the arabian sea along with west coast of india and form one of the top ten hottest biodiversity hotspots in the world. The quintessence of western ghats komin a tribute to sahyadri mountains the story of sahyadri mountain range also known as western ghats takes us to 150 million years ago. Western ghats synonyms, western ghats pronunciation, western ghats translation, english dictionary definition of western ghats. Norman myers included the western ghats amongst the 25 biodiversity hotspots identified in the world the western ghats extend from the satpura range in the north, go south past goa, through karnataka and into kerala and tamil nadu end at kanyakumari embracing indian ocean.
Though the western ghats have shrunk by 25% over the past two decades, the environment. The western ghats lies with the sahyadri mountains ranges along the western side of india and separates the deccan plateau from a narrow coastal plain of the arabian sea. It is the source of water for the entire peninsular india, and also influences the monsoons. Species name common name common hindi name habitat details. Why india must protect the western ghats from getting lost it could become a model for the entire country. The main types of soils met with in the western ghats are red soils, laterites, black soils and humid soils. The beautiful green valley is home to thousands of wild animal species including at least 325 globally threatened species. Spread over ten days, this tour takes you through rural india into the hills that make up the high biodiversity zone called the western ghats. The western ghats is the home for about 50 million people belonging to the six states of the country. The life supporting and biodiversity rich ecosystems of western ghats are threatened today due to habitat pressures. Media in category flora of the western ghats the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. Oct 26, 2016 there are 6 main controversies surround gadgils report on western ghats. This post is longer than most of our previous articles but read till the end to get your basics right. The western ghats of kerala region is thickly populated and famous for exotic food crops, spices, herbs and medicinal plants.
Tourism in forest areas of western ghatsjanuary 2011equations. Biodiversity in india download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Plant spotted must be growing on land in 6 indian southern states. A nature lovers delight to explore the western ghats and palni hills in india the book titled flora of the southern western ghats and palnis. The software is periodically scanned by our antivirus system. All birds seen in maharashtra, gujarat, goa, karnataka, tamilnadu and kerala states are eligible for this mission. Pdf being one of the 25 hotspots of the world, western ghats is a storehouse of endemic flora and fauna, whose endemicity increases with decreasing. It also provides solid substrate and shade for its cohabitants. View of western ghatsattappadisilent valley hills from mannarkkad. Digital herbarium of angiospermic plants of western ghats of maharashtra is a university grant commission, new delhi, funded project ugc reference no. The western side of the western ghats is on the threshold of southwest monsoon and receives a rainfall of 203254 cm, and the eastern side lies in the rainshadow area of the peninsula.
This project covers prominent tree species and shrubs from 10 districts, located in western ghat regions of maharashtra, viz. A total of 28 plants in the brahma database are found in western ghats. Western ghats, indoburma, based on a1b scenario for year 2050 and 2080. The western ghats is one amongst the 25 biodiversity hotspots in the world. A photographic guide endemic woody plants of the western ghats download download pdf. Heavy migration took place to western ghats region from the plains of kerala since 1960s and the forest flora and fauna are under severe threat and extinction.
Gadgil report and kasturirangan report on western ghats. It is important to know whether or not it represents an accurate estimate of the proportion of threatened plants in the indian flora. The amazing wildlife in the rainforests of western ghats. March in 198788 in the northern sector of western ghats. Why india must protect the western ghats from getting lost.
There are 6 main controversies surround gadgils report on western ghats. Feb 04, 2012 an example is the road that connects pune from the deccan plateau to mahad on the coast via the western ghats in mulshi taluka of pune district, effectively fragmenting the forests of the western ghats in this region. State of biodiversity in maharashtra western ghats. Singh, vohra, hajra, 1997 flora of india botanical survey of india. This flora can support decisions to protect the plants, ecosystems, and. Assessment of liverwort and hornwort flora of nilgiri hills, western ghats india. Wikimedia commons has media related to flora of the western ghats. Environment being one of the favourite areas for upsc, it is necessary to analyse the details of recent hot topics or controversies. The western ghats is a mega biodiversity region, with varied flora, fauna.
The western ghats, also known as sahyadri benevolent mountains, are a mountain range that covers an area of 140,000 square kilometres 54,000 sq mi in a stretch of 1,600 kilometres 990 mi parallel to the western coast of the indian peninsula, traversing the states of kerala, tamil nadu, karnataka, goa, maharashtra and gujarat. Spottings must declared properly spotted area on map. Of the total 325 globally threatened species in the western ghats, 129 are classified as vulnerable, 145 as endangered and 51 as critically endangered. A field guide, written by environment enthusiast pippa mukherjee, is one of the first books of its kind, helping the readers to identify the wildflowers of the western ghats, from southern western ghats covering karnataka, kerala and tamil nadu to. Larval host plants of the buterfies of the western ghats, india. The eastern ghats are a discontinuous range of mountains that run in a northsouth alignment more or less east of the deccan plateau and pass through odisha state in the north and telanganaandhra pradesh to tamil nadu state in the south, traversing some parts of karnataka state, namely, bellary, kolar and chamarajnagar districts. This series of annual reports on the microfinance sector in india which seeks to document developments, clarify issues, publicize studies. The entire western ghats harbours different vegetation types like the moist deciduous forests, montane grasslands, sholas, and more importantly the precious tropical evergreen and semievergreen forests. The plant adds to the dissolved oxygen in water and thus is important for the health of the flora and fauna in the water bodies. A field guide, written by environment enthusiast pippa mukherjee, is one of the first books of its kind, helping the readers to identify the wildflowers of the western ghats, from southern western ghats covering karnataka, kerala and tamil nadu to palni hills in tamil nadu. Vegetation and phytogeography of the western ghats.
Nov 04, 2016 the book titled flora of the southern western ghats and palnis. Cdocuments%20and%20settingsuser1my%20documentsenergywater. The globally threatened flora and fauna in the western ghats are represented by 229 plant species, 31 mammal species, 15 bird species, 43 amphibian species, 5 reptile species and 1 fish species. Flora of the western ghats a major mountain range in western south india subcategories. I support the governments decision to declare 56,825 square kilometres of the western ghats as eco sensitive area see contents of the letter below the form. Western ghats definition of western ghats by the free. The western ghats, also known as the sahyadri hills, are well known for their rich and unique assemblage of flora and fauna.
General introduction biodiversity of western ghats india is recognized as one of the worlds 12 megabiodiversity nations. The western ghats wg, also known by the name sahyadri, constitute a 1600km long, about 4565 million years old, mountain chain along the west coast of india, originating from south of tapti river near the border of gujarat and maharashtra, and extending up to kanyakumari, at the southernmost tip of the indian peninsula. Thank you for downloading western ghats trees from our software portal. Analysis of threatened endemic trees of the western ghats of india. Southern western ghats is one of the two mega endemic centres in western ghats 7 kerala form a major species rich part of southern western ghats harbouring a total of 4679 flowering plants out of which 1637 are endemics and 483 are listed as threatened and.
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